This article will focus on the overall functional anatomy of the muscles of facial expression, the article is not an exhaustive list of the muscles of facial expression. The facial muscles have a particular feature which makes them different to most other groups of muscles in the body. Except for the deep fascia of the temporal fossa, parotid gland and neck, there is no deep fascia on the rest of the face. Deep to the skin and superficial layer of adipose tissue, is a layer called the superficial musculoaponeurotic system consisting of muscle and fibrous tissue. However, there is no consensus regarding the exact extent and nature of this layer.
Facial Anatomy - Muscles
Elsevier: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Professional Edition, 7th Edition: Netter
The muscles of facial expression are derivatives of the 2nd pharyngeal arch and are innervated by facial nerve CN VII [1]. These muscles originate from bone or fascia and insert on skin to provide the movements of facial expression. The muscles of facial expression are enclosed by, or form part of, the superficial musculo-aponeurotic system SMAS. The orbital group consists of the orbicularis oculi 3 portions , depressor supercilii, and corrugator supercilii oblique and transverse heads. These muscles provide movement of the eyelid, eyebrow, and periorbital skin and are innervated by branches of the facial nerve [1].
Facial muscles
The facial muscles are a group of striated skeletal muscles supplied by the facial nerve cranial nerve VII that, among other things, control facial expression. These muscles are also called mimetic muscles. The facial muscles are just under the skin subcutaneous muscles that control facial expression.
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